Multi-function electric vehicle frame structure finite element analysis and optimization

Vehicle frame as an important part of vehicle assembly to withstand the effects of various loads, including from the road, a variety of complex automotive parts assembly loads, and therefore, the frame structure design is crucial in the vehicle design. Frame using the finite element method and performance analysis of the structure and topology optimization, can improve the static and dynamic performance of the vehicle, while improving the structure and properties of materials can be obtained on the basis of the optimal distribution. Firstly, the finite element technique for study abroad status and frame structure optimization technology trends are reviewed. Taking a multi-function electric vehicles as the research object, according to the structural characteristics of the frame, the frame for a reasonable simplification, and the integrated use of HyperMesh, ANSYS software, established a shell element-based finite element model, with emphasis on suspension frame structure was simulated. According to the actual load situation frame, bending and torsion were selected two typical full load conditions, the finite element static analysis, and discussed the frame in the two conditions of stress distribution and deformation. The results show that the stress of the frame is less than the ultimate strength of the material to meet the design requirements. Then on the frame, modal analysis, natural frequency of the frame structure and the corresponding vibration mode, can come to understand the dynamic performance of the frame structure, in order to optimize the design and construction of the frame to provide a theoretical basis for improvement. Select the sheet as the base structure, working conditions at the bend of the front wheels hanging reverse condition, the rear wheel hanging on the corner to reverse the conditions and to reverse the condition, etc hanging round of four under Article condition to volume (mass) for the constraint function , the stiffness of the plate as objective function for topology optimization. During the same time optimizing the density distribution of the material to determine the basic structure of the frame, not only for the frame design provides a good theoretical basis, and the optimal design of the frame a new approach and the specific route possible . 

Key words: electric vehicles, frame, finite element method, static and dynamic performance, topology optimization