Minibus Cab ergonomics methods

Vehicle Ergonomics Ergonomics is an important branch of discipline. Ergonomics of the cab of the vehicle design and verification is a necessary component. Ergonomic design to improve vehicle safety, improve driver comfort and vision of the plays a very important role. In this paper, a light passenger cabin as the research object, there is comfort for the car and other issues for rectification, in the study of the H point on the basis of re-arrangement of the vehicle cab, and after re-arrangement of the cabergonomics analysis and verification. The following are the main contents of this paper: (1) analysis and research methods at home and abroad layout of the body. Foreign body by studying the arrangement of the different methods, given their similarities and differences, and oval eyes, hands and other body encompasses the nature of the layout tools and summarized. These tools are based on the theory of human engineering analysis and the necessary means for our theoretical analysis and design methods provide a reference. (2) proposed a method for determining H-H point point multi-objective constraint factor method. In this paper, A Class B Class cars trucks and determination of H-points were compared, and relatively less attention focusing on the domestic B-Class cars have been studied in the traditional methods for determining H point comparison and summary, the proposed a more practical types, you can quickly and accurately determine the design requirements of the H point of the region H point determination methods. The more traditional design method can improve the accuracy of body design and design efficiency. (3) Model B on the cab of a man-machine engineering analysis and verification. As an application example, the paper introduces the most advanced ergonomics analysis software RAMSIS, Model B on the cab of a man-machine engineering analysis and checking the vehicle cabin comfort, vision, space and encompasses the nature of were more in-depth analysis. In the analysis, based on the author gives way to the cabin layout, some new understanding and experience. In summary, the method of ergonomic design to improve the quality of vehicles to ensure the health of drivers and passengers is of great significance, while reducing the vehicle's development cycle, reduce development expenses have practical significance. 

Keywords: vehicle ergonomics, RAMSIS, the internal layout method body

 

Criteria method based on body strength and lightweight design of the structure

In order to improve vehicle fuel economy and lower production costs, car body lightweight design and research have been gradually more and more auto companies in importance as the leading edge structural design issues and hot issues. From this point, lightweight way to become very important, along with the rapid development of computer technology, finite element method was adopted by more and more enterprises to carry out car body lightweight design. Finite element analysis for optimum design lightweight body can greatly reduce product development cycle, saving development costs and improve vehicle performance and driving some reliability. This paper discusses the importance of the research body and lightweight main way lightweight body, followed by the lightweight body of research on domestic and international status have been described, analyzed the development trend of lightweight body structure, is also discussed in this country Lightweight body with foreign research gaps. Then discusses the finite element method in structural analysis of the body, about the theoretical basis of the finite element and finite element commonly used for body design elements have been described, namely: shell element and the spatial beam element. Meanwhile, ANSYS finite element software used to do a brief introduction, cited by ANSYS finite element analysis software to do common ideas. Then the method body strength criterion defines the body's resistance to proposed standards and anti-static and dynamic strength strength criteria, and use rice metal parts of high cycle fatigue life and low cycle fatigue life used to evaluate the anti-body dynamic strength capabilities. Combination of CAD and CAE software, the establishment of a micro-car finite element model, then the finite element model of the definition of material properties and element types selected, the resulting micro-car finite element mesh model. On this basis, the four conditions on the body in the body stress were calculated and analyzed. Integrated four kinds of conditions, found that the stress of sheet metal body part of the surplus is relatively large, the body is very lightweight space. Meanwhile, four more conditions of stress concentration area of sheet metal of the high cycle fatigue life was estimated, in addition to individual cases, the fatigue life can meet the minimum requirements. Finally, the body was lightweight design, select the stress of the larger surplus for the design of sheet metal 30 variables to four working conditions for the state variables within the stress intensity to the volume of the body sheet metal as the objective function is optimized design calculations, optimized to reduce body weight by 5.6% than the original. Then the body of the optimized sheet metal parts for the four conditions of high cycle fatigue life prediction, the estimation of sheet metal parts are to meet the basic requirements of the fatigue life. 

Keywords: Lightweight design; strength; finite element; optimal design

 

Multi-function electric vehicle frame structure finite element analysis and optimization

Vehicle frame as an important part of vehicle assembly to withstand the effects of various loads, including from the road, a variety of complex automotive parts assembly loads, and therefore, the frame structure design is crucial in the vehicle design. Frame using the finite element method and performance analysis of the structure and topology optimization, can improve the static and dynamic performance of the vehicle, while improving the structure and properties of materials can be obtained on the basis of the optimal distribution. Firstly, the finite element technique for study abroad status and frame structure optimization technology trends are reviewed. Taking a multi-function electric vehicles as the research object, according to the structural characteristics of the frame, the frame for a reasonable simplification, and the integrated use of HyperMesh, ANSYS software, established a shell element-based finite element model, with emphasis on suspension frame structure was simulated. According to the actual load situation frame, bending and torsion were selected two typical full load conditions, the finite element static analysis, and discussed the frame in the two conditions of stress distribution and deformation. The results show that the stress of the frame is less than the ultimate strength of the material to meet the design requirements. Then on the frame, modal analysis, natural frequency of the frame structure and the corresponding vibration mode, can come to understand the dynamic performance of the frame structure, in order to optimize the design and construction of the frame to provide a theoretical basis for improvement. Select the sheet as the base structure, working conditions at the bend of the front wheels hanging reverse condition, the rear wheel hanging on the corner to reverse the conditions and to reverse the condition, etc hanging round of four under Article condition to volume (mass) for the constraint function , the stiffness of the plate as objective function for topology optimization. During the same time optimizing the density distribution of the material to determine the basic structure of the frame, not only for the frame design provides a good theoretical basis, and the optimal design of the frame a new approach and the specific route possible . 

Key words: electric vehicles, frame, finite element method, static and dynamic performance, topology optimization

 

Vehicle height strength steel stamping simulation and control of springback

Rebound phenomenon is common during sheet metal forming one of the defects. To improve product quality and shorten the stamping of new product development cycle, must be accurate springback prediction and effective control. With the auto industry, automotive stamping parts stamping problems become more difficult in the spring, especially in high-strength steel stamping rebound in the international context has attracted wide attention. How to predict and control the current rebound has become a research hotspot and difficult one. How to predict and control the rebound, at home and abroad mainly in ordinary steel stamping parts, while the high strength steel stamping springback are limited. Between the present situation, this thesis to study the characteristics of high strength steel, and then use the finite element simulation software DYNAFORM springback of high strength steel in the simulated laws of exploration. This paper first summarizes the automotive stamping and metal forming in the deformation characteristics of springback prediction method introduced Research and development history, comparing obtained numerical simulation for stamping springback prediction is very effective. Then, we will highlight the characteristics of high strength steel and its weight to bring the importance of car. Analysis of forming and springback simulation of stamping on the springback simulation accuracy factor. Using DYNAFORM parts of U-shaped type and rebound the numerical simulation, analysis of the impact and rebound Stamping Forming a key element: BHF, drawbead resistance, friction coefficient and die clearance. Explores the relationships between them: stamping springback with BHF, drawbead resistance and friction coefficient decreases; with the increase of die clearance. In the final chapter describes some of the commonly used method to control the stamping springback, focuses on the mold surface Compensation Act, the reference car hood as a Case Study on the die surface and the compensation method for case analysis in depth. The method produced consistent with the design requirements the actual product, indicating that the method is feasible. 

Key words: high strength steel; stamping; rebound; DYNAFORM; numerical simulation

 

Body stiffness and deformation analysis based Structural Optimization Method

Improve vehicle fuel economy and reduce the cost of automobile production has become a modern car the general trend of development, domestic and international major car companies have been increasing emphasis on lightweight design. The structure of the car body stiffness analysis, automotive design engineers to analyze the results as a basis for optimal design of body structure. The whole structure is now Unibody cars with the structure, this structure to a large extent on the cars handling and stability to meet people, and the manufacturing process of the lightweight body design, and many other requirements. Unibody structure of the whole carries almost all the cars in use the load, including the bending and torsional loads and impact loads and so on. In the joint action of these loads, the stiffness of car body becomes extremely important. If less than the stiffness of car body, car in daily use, the deformation of car body will be greater, especially in columns, door frames, window frames and some key parts, a large deformation can cause poor vehicle sealing, door locks deformation, the interior off, and may even result in the door jam, window frames, broken glass, and so squeezed; this will directly affect the reliability of used cars, safety, NVH performance and fuel economy and other key performance indicators. Major domestic and foreign car companies of Car static stiffness of the structure calculation has been very seriously. The car body stiffness and deformation analysis of calculation and optimization of structural design of car body, and its main purpose is to ensure the body stiffness and deformation within reasonable limits under the premise of optimizing the body structure design. Just spent the surplus for the local body parts, structural improvements, a reasonable distribution of the car body stiffness; on the local stiffness of the weak part of the body to make reasonable and effective strengthening of the overall stiffness of the car body to the initial design requirements. In addition, the body structure optimization can improve the vibration characteristics of the body, and body weight can make the greatest extent possible to reduce further to solve the problems lightweight body. This subject is studied in the investigation of domestic and foreign automobiles stiffness based on the research, the establishment of an A0 finite element analysis model car, then the finite element analysis model was meshed, the model for the bending stiffness and torsional stiffness of the body analysis, finite element analysis model and body stiffness of the sensitivity calculation, calculation of sensitivity analysis based on the results of the stiffness, the stiffness of the sensitive components are the body, to master the different stiffness of the BIW components sensitivity to optimize the design variables that provided the basis for selection. Body Structure design, optimization results show that the study shows that the body design and development process, the sensitivity analysis for the body to provide a basis for structural modifications, is to enhance body rigidity and light weight body an effective way. 

Key words: white body; stiffness; sensitivity optimization

 

Self-loading garbage truck lifting mechanism of the simulation and optimum design

In the modern automotive industry, CAD / CAE technology has been generally applied, China's auto companies are now widely used, such as CATIA / UG, etc. Set CAD / CAE / CAM software products in one design, the use of virtual prototyping instead of physicalinnovative design of the product prototype, test and evaluation, to shorten the development cycle, reduce costs, improve product design quality, enhance customer and market demand for the ability of other aspects of their role is increasingly apparent.In this paper, the object dump garbage truck, the use of virtual prototyping technology to CATIA / ADAMS software as a tool for loading and unloading in the white garbage truck's design and simulation analysis, to do the following: 1. Based on the design of dump truck process, carried out from the loading garbage truck dump bodies and parts design and calculation of the overall design, including the choice of chassis, subframe arrangement and form of lifting mechanism in the form and design, as well as the form and design of cars . 2. Based on three-dimensional design software, CATIA, constructed three-dimensional solid model of dump bodies, and through the virtual assembly, dump bodies to achieve the interference analysis. 3. Based on simulation software ADAMS, through the ADAMS interface with CATIA, CATIA built dump bodies will be three-dimensional solid model is imported into ADAMS, in the ADAMS system constraints to add, load, drive, and establishing a virtual prototype model and the dynamic Science simulation analysis, the dump body dynamics simulation results. 4. Based on finite element analysis software ANSYS Workbench key components of the finite element analysis, first created in CATIA solid model into one lift bearing, its mesh, defined by the loading conditions, finite element analysis, draw diagrams of their stress-strain and displacement, according to analyze the situation and then carry out the optimization of design work. 

Keywords: dump truck, lifting mechanism, virtual prototyping, finite element method

 

Magnesium alloy wheel monolithic body electric car research

The wheel electric car, small size, light weight thanks to the wheel hub motor instead of the general motors, installed in the wheel, so wheel electric car has its own unique structural characteristics. Finite element method has been applied in the automotive industry is now very extensive, the finite element method to analyze the body frame is very effective on the body structure through static analysis, its evaluation, analysis of its strength, stiffness and other structural characteristics, obtained the stress distribution and body deformation for the back to provide the basis for the design and production.As a light magnesium alloy material, should be applied to the car, the fact is true. How can the wider use of magnesium alloys and other lightweight new materials for automotive help will be the future direction of development. In this paper, urban office workers as the main object, to design a two-seater electric car wheel, the first feature based on their market position and the wheel itself, structural features of electric vehicles designed to meet the requirements of the body shape, and in the CATIA model of the platform to establish Body Frame application CATIA FEM module on the overall framework for mesh-type body, the boundary conditions and simplified, and load distribution. Combination of vehicles in the actual running conditions, conditions for the bending load, full load condition and reverse bending condition of the calculation and analysis, the finite element analysis to identify the structural characteristics of the frame and the weak link, found that the body basically meet requirements. Combined with the characteristics of magnesium alloy, and integral body with the status of magnesium alloy were analyzed and found to reverse the condition, the local stress is too large, need to improve the structure. In this paper some of the work done for the future of wheel electric vehicle body structure designed to provide some reference, and in the use of magnesium alloy material to draw some guidance on the data for reference. 

Keywords: wheel electric vehicles, the overall body, finite element, magnesium alloy